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</div></div></header></div></body></html>";s:4:"text";s:29952:"How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, minerals that dissolve in the fluids of the body, https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/adrenal-insufficiency-addisons-disease, https://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/chloride/tab/test/, http://chemocare.com/chemotherapy/side-effects/hyperchloremia-high-chloride.aspx, https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijpedi/2012/931597/, http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/chemotherapy-and-other-drug-therapies/chemotherapy/side-effects-of-chemotherapy/kidney-damage-and-chemotherapy/?region=on, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-are-electrolytes/, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system.  2023 AB Media Inc. All rights reserved. Typically, 60 grams will reduce the chlorine by 1ppm in an average backyard pool. This means more of your chlorine will be converted into the strong, active form of chlorine, and less into the weaker form of chlorine. If free is the same as total, then you are in range. Too much stabilizer and you prevent any chlorine from being converted, which is called chlorine lock. This can result in an interference when the alkalinity is very low (50 ppm or less), because low alkalinity will allow small changes in the pH of the water sample. Second, a swimmer&#x27;s body has a pH between 7.2 and 7.8, so if the pool water isn&#x27;t kept in this range then swimmers will start to feel irritation of their eyes and skin. Retrieved from. My FC was 14 in December. In Chemistry, it looks like this: Hypochlorous Acid  is a weak acid with oxidizing properties formed when chlorine dissolves in cold water and is used in bleaching and water treatment. Some research supports this but also suggests that babies chloride levels are related to their chloride intake. There is a chlorine neutralizer already in the Taylor (and TF-100) kits for the TA test. When pH levels are higher than 8.5, obtaining an accurate measurement will be challenging.  I am pretty sure Leslies carries it. As pH gets higher, however, the process slows down, and more of your chlorine is converted into the a weaker form of chlorine. That's an even better idea than using the ammonia. When performing dosage testing, its recommended that the free chlorine content in water is around 2.0 mg/L or less after 30 minutes of adding sodium hypochlorite, which ensures that the water doesnt have a bad odor or taste. If using a colorimeter, run the test in the shade if possible. Low Alkalinity levels but high pH levels - This is just the reverse of the previous problem. Test the water and proceed accordingly. We avoid using tertiary references. This can damage vinyl and plaster surfaces, sometimes even pipes and equipment. The lower your pH level, the more acidic your water is. This chemical process is effectively blocked from taking place. High temperatures, above 90 F, can result in readings as much as 15 ppm low.  As pH decreases chlorine&#x27;s effectiveness increases but in a wasteful way. So after testing for total chlorine, immediately wash test equipment. When chlorine gas reacts with water, it forms Hypochlorous acidandHydrochloric acid, similar to how carbon dioxide reacts to formCarbonic acid. For accurate pH readings, its highly recommended that you use a combination or differential pH sensor. It can raise your pools pH levels temporarily. Required fields are marked *. Inhibitors are added to minimize this interference but over dosing with these algaecides can cause errors in alkalinity readings. Multi-pad pH strips for laboratory use will not work in low buffer pool and spa water. Dosage testing is a common treatment technique thats used to identify the amount of chlorine that needs to be added to maintain proper free chlorine levels in drinking water. If a test indicates the alkalinity is very low and the pH is close to ideal, the pH may be wrong. Keep in mind that the Safe Water System Program maintains methodology that is considerably different than the WHO guidelines, the latter of which require free chlorine levels of 0.5 mg/L or higher. Last medically reviewed on  October 24, 2017. While colorimetric tests provide users with accurate measurements, they arent ideal for real-time measurements. Use a tester to check, and keep the chlorine levels in your pool at 1.0 to 3.0 parts per million.  High ORP levels indicate that the chlorine is properly disinfecting the water and getting rid of impurities. The hydroxide raises the pH of the pool water. Free, 02/27/2023 | Environmental | 9 MINUTE READ, 02/13/2023 | Industrial Water Treatment | 9 MINUTE READ, 02/06/2023 | Industrial Wastewater | 8 MINUTE READ. It finally got to 5 today. (2014, May 1). So when chlorine shock, either powder or granular, is added to the water (H2O) in your pool, their reaction with water makes forms of acid that can lower the pH in the waters balance. Hyperchloremia is a disorder in which a person has too much chloride in their blood. Powder or granular chlorine can be more varied. Calcium hypochlorite, however, is highly alkaline with a pH of around 12, so this is going to raise the pH level of the water (as well as increase the calcium hardness level, for that matter). Metals in water exist in three major forms: insoluble (metal oxides and hydroxides), free, and complexed. Run the pool pump and filter. Lets look at why adding too much chlorine to your pool water can be dangerous and how you can fix it below. Check your TA level and if its below 80ppm, increase it to hit at least 80ppm and adjust your pH levels accordingly.  Yes, that is one of the problems of having such a high CYA level. Chlorine tablets are typically trichlor with a low pH level of around 3. The two most popular ones are chlorine and bromine. As many as 8 percent of men and 0.5 percent of women with Northern European ancestry have the common form of red-green color blindness. You can test these by using a test kit or test strips. Do you have any questions about this topic or the featured products? Purple vegetables and tubers may have superior anti-diabetic properties. What Are Electrolytes? Very high levels of biguanide have also been known to cause a similar interference. Most Phenol Red reagents have an inhibitor that will neutralize up to 10 ppm chlorine and 20 ppm bromine. The simple answer is that pH helps convert your chlorine into sanitizing agent once it enters the water. Whenever adding any type of pool chemical, always allow the pool water to fully circulate before re-testing the pool water. Now that you understand how chlorine affects water, you should be able to use this chemical to disinfect water and remove any harmful pathogens. High pH water has a low number of hydrogen ions. This exposes . When the pH level approaches or goes below 7.2, the water becomes corrosive. Too much salt intake. Never test the water immediately after shocking or other chemical addition. A doctor may order these tests if a person appears to have nutritional or fluid imbalances, kidney problems, or is undergoing chemotherapy. After adding MPS, wait at least 12 hours before testing free chlorine. At a pH level of 8 chlorine is roughly 25% active. The more acidic the water, the lower the pH and the higher the likelihood of corrosion. PHTA Recreational Water Quality Committee, http://www.lamotte.com/images/pdf/techtips/waterlabtech.pdf, https://nei.nih.gov/health/color_blindness/facts_about, Testing Methods and Backyard Connectivity. Any residue of DPD3 on testing equipment can cause a problem in testing for free chlorine. Get $10 off your first order over $99 and hear about sales, exclusive offers & helpful DIY tricks from our pool experts. Get to know the winners of the 2022 Pleatco Perfect Pool Tech contest  Fred Goss and Amy Lemieux from how they came to be a service technician to their favorite part about the pool and spa industry. must it drop to before swimming or spa use resume ? Top 9 Chlorine Depletion In Swimming Pools. The ideal range for pool water is between 7.2 and 7.8. Pool owners should remember that when super chlorinating or shocking your swimming pool, chlorine in a granular or liquid form can mess with pH levels at first. The reason is simple: TFPC (Trouble Free Pool Care) is a methodology, not a product that you must purchase. Tips for Lowering the Chlorine in Your Pool. Tip: Always keep a good supply of pH adjusting chemicals to make sure that your pH levels are where they are supposed to be to ensure that your pool chlorine will work as intended! So people must discuss with their doctors the most likely cause.  Get in touch with a Swimming Pool Expert. pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is. Approximately 1 in 20 healthy individuals will have a result outside the normal range. Keep in mind that free chlorine cant be measured with a pool test kit. To determine the concentration of total dissolved copper (both free and sequestered), the use of a total copper test procedure is required. Its also important that substantial pH fluctuations dont occur. The types of instruments that can be used for measuring free chlorine include amperometric analyzers and colorimetric tests. But high concentrations of chlorine or bromine can turn the color to purple.  pH levels are always low - the two causes for pH levels being constantly low is the usage of stabilised chlorine and chlorine pucks (which are also stabilised) since these products have a low pH level of around 3. It can dissolve in water and has a little overall effect on pH, alkalinity, or hardness. In the event that you are going to use the measurement to determine if homeowners are properly using chlorine, you shouldnt need anything more than a pool test kit. . The main product is used in shocking your pool, but wait to testyour chemistry balance levels consistently, especially after shocking. Shocking your pool is important, but if youre using Cal-Hypo (Calcium Hypochlorite), it is one of the various types of chlorine you can buy, and it looks exactly how youd expect pool chlorine to look. When chlorine levels are too high, the waters pH will start to decrease, which can eventually lead to corrosion. Start your pool with a target TA (Total Alkalinity) of 90 ppm and adjust up or down in 10 ppm increments until pH remains stable depending on whether the pH is drifting up or down and help keep these controls these other pool water conditions. With ingenuity and a little bit of backyard engineering, service pros are creating their own unique tools to help them on the job. Two important characteristics are pH and alkalinity, which are related to the buffering capacity (resistance to pH change) of the water. take note of the expiration dates, and note when you first opened the package as constant air exposure can degrade the quality of test strips). The following guide offers a comprehensive look at chlorine and its effect on pH levels. As pH goes up, the ability of chlorine to kill germs goes down. They also allow color blind persons to make accurate measurements. Sat: 10am-4pm The range goes from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Learn about the treatments, resources for support, and more. These meters can provide readings that extend from 0-4 mg/L. You can also purchase a pre-packaged Chlorine Neutralizer. And eventually, if they get too high, they can cause chlorine lock. Chemotherapy can also damage the kidneys, harming their ability to maintain the bodys balance of electrolytes. Stabilized chlorine isnt active or weak; its more like reserve chlorine. In short, if youre using cyanuric acid in your pool, the chlorine is much less susceptible to changes in pH because the chemical reaction its responsible for is greatly diminished. Low pH water has a high number of hydrogen ions. There are few interferences in pool water for pH probe measurements, other than dirty or poorly maintained probes. What if you dilute the sample 1 to 1 with distilled water. Obviously there is still something that the R-007 is not neutralizing which is still affecting the pH test. Since chlorine works best in low pH water, the shock you added will lower the water pH drastically so the chlorine can battle and kill any bacteria in the water. poolonomics.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. A person should keep their doctor informed of any symptoms they experience, particularly if they suddenly get worse. Test methods used to determine the concentration of metals in pool water may not measure insoluble metals and, depending upon whether the method measures free or complexed dissolved metals, may exhibit interferences from chelators and sequestering agents. An ice storm last week brought down some power lines and knocked out service in some places, but caused little damage to pools. Look at the title line, where it says in bold letters &quot;.with no CYA&quot;. Seizures, loss of consciousness, and other serious symptoms may indicate kidney or liver failure. Understanding and being able to detect these interferences will help you avoid poor test results. This allows you to reach an accurate reading depth. Yes-Sodium Hypochlorite or Bleach is Chlorine in liquid form, at 11-13 pH, may change the pH of your pool but wont last just as Calcium Hypochlorite (cal hypo) in granular form when mixed with H2O, may cause an acidic pH change that is also temporary If Total Alkalinity (TA) is between 80-90 ppm. Pool water starts with a strong chemical structure that will prevent negative happening or fast changes during those dog days of summer. Consult the manufacturer's test instructions to determine if the test method used measures free copper or total copper. However, liquid chlorine only temporarily raises pH, effectively making it pH neutral in the long term. Because some medications can alter chloride levels, it is essential that people tell their doctor about all the medicines they are taking, including herbal supplements and over-the-counter drugs. In pools only alkalinity due to carbonate and bicarbonate is important for balanced pool water and the saturation index. With careful management of fluids and food, and with prompt treatment for any underlying conditions, most people can regain normal electrolyte levels. To lower the free chlorine level in your pool water, also consider heating your water. If the. It should even be possible to calculate what the PH shift from the dilution will be and correct for it. Pathogens can cause diseases and illnesses to spread, which is why its important for drinking water treatment facilities to rid water of any pathogens. As the liquid chlorine level or Sodium Hypochlorite is consumed in the pool, that small expected spike is reduced with sunlight (UV Light) and agitation to do nothing in a normal size pool; as long as the Total Alkalinity is stable, then this is the strength of balance that will keep low or high spikes from affecting the pH of your swimming pool. Water Works Assoc., 1982 (vol. But high levels of chlorine can cause skin irritation, red eyes and cloudy water. A high level of metals, such as copper or iron, is the most common interference in calcium hardness titrations. Chloride is an ingredient in sodium chloride, which is table salt. Follow manufactures instructions for maintenance. Some medications, particularly hormones, diuretics, and corticosteroids, such as hydrocortisone. You might be thinking, well, I should just lower the pH level of my pool then, right? If you&#x27;re getting low measurements even when using chlorine, it&#x27;s possible that the sensor is malfunctioning or that one of the following variables is affecting the measurement.  While this may not sound like much if youre a stickler for efficiency, its more than enough to effectively sanitise our pool and kill off bacteria, algae, and oxidize any organic contaminant that may enter your pool. When performing free chlorine measurements, pH is among the most important elements of the measurement.  The key to making dilution with water work is that the water really does need to be distilled water because it must be unbuffered. Pool pH will not change - This is usually caused by having a high total alkalinity level making your pool water resistant to pH changes. To minimize this bleaching reaction an excess of DPD reagent is needed. Most Phenol Red pH indicator reagents have a pH of 7.5  7.6. Raise the temperature of the pool water to 90F10F above the recommended level for a short period. How Does pH Affect Chlorine Effectiveness? As you can see, at a pH of 8.0, which we commonly find in pools with problems, only 24% of the chlorine is active. Pool and spa chemicals, if handled and stored incorrectly, can be dangerous. This type of measurement is beneficial if youd like to use a low cost tool thats able to provide relatively accurate readings if used correctly. Find manufacturers and suppliers in the most extensive searchable database in the industry. But, is too much chlorine in your pool a big deal? The minimum temperature of the water in the chlorine contact chamber must be monitored. Sebring, Florida May 19, 2011 #2 Your chlorine most likely was consumed by the algae. My inquiry is:    If the chlorine is high, at what level/ppm The systems pH will determine what types of pathogens or bacteria are in the water and what the concentration of these contaminants are. Suppose you measure chlorine levels in drinking water and find that some chlorine remains. If possible, it is best to wait for the chlorine or bromine levels to drop before testing the pH. Hear about sales, exclusive offers & helpful DIY tricks from our pool experts. With that being said, in reality, this is never going to be an issue when keeping your water in the ideal pH range (7.2 to 7.8), especially if youre using a chlorine stabilizer in combination.  If you are having a hard time handling your pool maintenance or have a question regarding your swimming pool, contact Intermountain Aquatech. Nevertheless, I wonder if anyone can recommend a relatively inexpensive pH "stick" meter that gives decent results. Quick answer: Chlorine becomes less efficient at higher pH levels, but its still plenty effective inside the ideal pH range for pools, even more so if youre using cyanuric acid to stabilize the chlorine. When the pH value is constant, readjust the chlorine level using chlorine granules. Adrenal insufficiency and Addison's disease. As the pH drops, the ORP reading can increase and as pH increases the ORP reading can drop. I read somewhere on this forum that if your chlorine level is high, your pH reading tends to be the same purplish color (appears to be 7.7 to me). Its one of the things that many pool owners, even veterans, get confused about. In the case of heavy rainfall In this article, we dive into the relationship between chlorine and pH, and how pH of water changes the effectiveness of chlorine. It has little affect on killing algae..only at prevention. They measure any conductive ions in the water, including sodium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, sulfate and others. Your email address will not be published. Amperometric analyzers contain chlorine sensors that immediately take pH levels into account. Chlorine dioxide-generating sachets placed in the primary package have been shown to preserve the quality . Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. If you use a floater or tablet in your skimmer, remove it from your pool. With bromine the interference starts above 10 ppm and is significant above 20 ppm. The intensity of this color allows the individual measuring chlorine concentration to determine what the chlorine levels are and if they match the intended concentration. It can also damage pool accessories and anything else that goes into your swimming pool water. This is similar to the high pH colors, 8.0 to 8.4 ppm, so be careful not to mistake it for a high reading and then add acid when it&#x27;s not necessary. You might have to wait a while. The pH levels in the water must come in at around 6.5-7.5 for the free chlorine measurement to be accurate when telling you how much chlorine is present in the water. Our experienced professionals can help you fix your problems and enjoy your pool in no time. An occasional spike in the pH balance that may happen during super chlorinating your pool isnt too much to be concerned about, but if youre constantly battling to keep it in range after you shock your pool, you could have a bigger problem. Proper reading for chlorine is 1.5 - 3.0 PPM and 3.0 - 5.0 PPM for bromine.  Avoid testing at the very top or the very bottom of a test range. Its most commonly sold as a white, chlorine-smelling powder/granules, which are poured directly into the pool water or sometimes via the pool skimmer. This is done to neutralize the chlorine for the TA test. The addition of metal sequestering agent to the pool or spa can minimize this problem. Does Chlorine Affect pH?  In the current COVID-19 pandemic this has now changed to a minimum free chlorine of 1.5mg/l at a pH of 7.0-7.2. If the strips you are using also test free chlorine, be sure to check both free and total colors. This increase was independent of whether the baby was premature or had health problems. Steadifac is 0.25% thioacetamide. Since low pH represents a high number of hydrogen ions in the water, and high pH represents a low number of hydrogen ions, you can start to understand the relationship between pH and chlorine. Joseph Laurino, Ph.D. Chairman, Periodic Products, Fort Lauderdale, FL, James Egan, Ph.D. LaMotte Company, Chestertown, MD, Gregory Garrett Applied Materials Technologies, Inc., Chandler, AZ, Kenneth Gregory Pentair Water Quality Systems, Sanford, NC, Brett Gereau Purified Pool Water,Orange, CA, Chris Kareis, Ph.D. Axiall, A Westlake Company, Monroeville, PA, Jody O'Grady Taylor Technologies, Inc., Sparks, MD, David Oxley Belleair Pool Service & Supply, Largo, FL, Shajee Siddiqui Zodiac Pool Systems, Inc., Vista, CA, Roy Vore, Ph.D. Bio-Lab, Inc., Lawrenceville, GA. 1. pH levels are always high - This is common in pools that use salt water chlorinators as the chlorine generated is high in pH. The degree to which chlorine is effective in sanitizing your pool by breaking down contaminants is highly correlated to the degree to which pH is kept in balance. Hydrochloric Acid-Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid. Your Disinfection Team: Chlorine &amp; pH Protection Against Recreational Water Illnesses (RWIs) ww w.healthyswimming.or g. Protecting swimmers and their families from RWIs is the reason that pool staff regularly check both chlorine and pH levels. Mon-Fri: 8am-5pm Chlorine neutralized, pH still reading high. The real PH is lower. Honoring the 2022 Pleatco Perfect Pool Techs. William J. Cooper, N. M. Roscher and R. A. Slifker, "Determining Free Available Chlorine by DPD-Colorimetric, DPD-Steadifac (Colorimetric), and FACTS Procedures", J. Amer. The alkalinity titration measures total alkalinity which mainly includes carbonate, bicarbonate, and cyanuric acid. Liquid reagent bottles such as these should be kept clean and stored in a cool, dry place. No matter what you use, follow the instructions carefully.   Rinse probes with distilled or deionized water before and after use. Another way of looking at it is: If nothing is allowed to interfere with the process, the science of water testing will give you an accurate result every time. When you add chlorine to your pool, it immediately breaks down into two chemical compounds that make up free chlorine: The ratio of active/weak chlorine you end up with depends on the pH level of the water because, for chlorine to convert into more of the active chlorine, it needs to combine with hydrogen ions. Chlorine is much less effective at higher pH levels; in fact, at a pH of 8.2, chlorine is only 15% effective.  Anything that interferes with the passage of light through the sample will interfere in the test. Always use fresh test strips and testing reagents. However, at 6.0 your pool water would be extremely acidic and unsafe to swim in. There are some for keeping pH balanced, and others that control metal buildup and scaling.  A pH meter won&#x27;t be affected by this, but they are expensive and can be finicky if you don&#x27;t clean them and store them back in their proper solutions. + or -? Always clean the reaction tube or cell and rinse with distilled or deionized water immediately after use. 4. Eating a balanced diet, and avoiding extreme food restrictions. This reagent speeds the reaction of DPD with combined chlorine. As a result, there is a net increase in the protons in the solution, lowering pH. Higher chlorine levels lower the pH of your pool&#x27;s water, making it more acidic, and dropping the levels below 7.0 pH. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? Measuring chlorine levels will help you determine what the current quality of the water is and if additional treatment must be done before consuming the water or using it for industrial processes. If the values are different, you will need to shock your pool to achieve the right levels. We link primary sources  including studies, scientific references, and statistics  within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Thetrain that derailed in East Palestine, Ohio, on Feb. 3 was filled with several hazardous chemical compounds, documents from the railway company show including the residue of one that is known MyWaterEarth&Sky deals with Water-Related Issues, Information, Products, Recreation, News & Technology.I have been involved with Water & Wastewater Treatment for the State of PA-Consulting/Manager for US Steel Inc.-Pool & H2O Filtration systems for more than 40 years. Your email address will not be published. MyWaterEarth&Sky recommends keeping a schedule for testing your pools water. You must log in or register to reply here. A comprehensive metabolic panel is a series of blood tests that a doctor might use to find out more about a person's overall health. 5. The test color at pH 6.8 is the same as the color at pH 6.0 or 5.5. Add them one at a time, dissolve fully before adding another type of chemical. If the color change is red to purple, a high level of copper is usually the cause. Get a fresh water sample in a clean container. Pool test kits can be found in many retail stores as well as online stores like Amazon.com. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base. What is hypernatremia? The simple answer is that pH helps convert your chlorine into sanitizing agent once it enters the water. This is to ensure that whatever chemical is properly dissipated and youre getting the correct readings. The resulting test color at pH 8.4 is the same as the color at pH 9.0 or 9.5. Check this LaMotte Test Kit available through Amazon & get one for the summer. (2012). The pH level of your pool water does have a significant impact on chlorines ability to effectively sanitize and clean your water. Save time and money by using less chlorine with these helpful tips. Chlorine and pH, your disinfection team, are the first defense against germs that can make swimmers sick. However, some of these inhibitors can cause a small shift in the pH. The water will change to pink when chlorine is present. confusion, difficulty concentrating, and personality changes, Gastrointestinal problems, such as vomiting or. But that&#x27;s for pools without CYA. That prompted an investigative reporter for NBC News and the Today show, to measure pathogen and chlorine levels at several public aquatic facilities. Take Away: There is an inverse relationship between chlorine and pH. However, liquid chlorine has a pH of 13 and can cause the waters pH to increase. A problem with cyanuric acid test strips is that they are sensitive to the pH of the water. It should be well-distributed within a few hours for better results. 2. Receiving an abnormal test result can be stressful. A normal pH range is considered anything between 7.2 and 7.6, 7.4 being ideal. Alkalinity is high and pH is high - While it may sound alarming, this is actually the easiest problem to fix. So the results can be over or under range when at the top or bottom of the range, respectively, without any indication of how far over or under range. However, such neutralizer solutions are themselves high in pH and the reactions with chlorine are inconsistent in their effects on pH (depending on factors such as the TA level). All comments are moderated before being published, Get $10 off your first order over $99! The FC level will be half of what it was before, and the PH shift from the dilution should be quite small because the TA level of distilled water is very low. Discussing options for reducing the effects of drugs that can cause hyperchloremia. People can usually manage hyperchloremia with lifestyle changes. A study that measured chloride levels in healthy infants, as well as preterm infants and those with health issues, found that chloride levels rose in the week following birth.  Hyperchloremia often points to another problem. On the other hand, color-wheel test kits have a lack of standardization and calibration when compared to digital meters. Ultra-violet rays that the natural sunlight produces destroys chlorine. What are Toroidal Conductivity Sensors and How Do They Work? Not sure if its better to have a higher or lower pH when adding chlorine to your pool? Bleaching starts to interfere between 5 and 10 ppm and becomes significant above 10 ppm chlorine. ";s:7:"keyword";s:36:"does high chlorine affect ph reading";s:5:"links";s:592:"<a href="http://informationmatrix.com/SpKlvM/blueberry-coulis-jamie-oliver">Blueberry Coulis Jamie Oliver</a>,
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